Murray, Alexander Press Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to Continue to Address Vaccine Hesitancy Amid Measles Outbreaks in Under-Vaccinated Areas Across the Country

Senators Murray and Alexander send bipartisan letter to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Health and Human Services Assistant Secretary for Health asking about efforts to promote vaccination and vaccine confidence as multiple states face outbreaks of measles

Already this year, 79 measles cases have been confirmed, following 372 measles cases in 2018

Senators: “While vaccination rates in the U.S. continue to be generally high, pockets of unvaccinated people and decreasing vaccination rates, particularly in children, are concerning and of significant risk to public health.”

Washington, D.C. – Today, Senator Patty Murray, (D-WA), Ranking Member of the Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (HELP) Committee, joined by Committee Chairman Senator Lamar Alexander (R-TN), sent a letter to Dr. Robert Redfield, Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Dr. Brett Giroir, Assistant Secretary for Health at the Department of Health and Human Services, asking about the CDC’s and the National Vaccine Program Office’s response to current measles outbreaks across the country and about their efforts to promote vaccine confidence.

“We write today to understand what actions the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National Vaccine Program Office (NVPO) within the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health are taking to boost vaccination rates in the U.S., including to address vaccine hesitancy, which the World Health Organization recently identified as a top health threat for 2019,” wrote the Senators. “As Washington and New York each respond to urgent measles outbreaks, we are also interested in the steps that CDC and NVPO are taking to address ongoing outbreaks exacerbated by low vaccination rates and to help the families and communities affected by this vaccine-preventable disease.”

“While still rare, these outbreaks signify a concerning trend. While vaccination rates in the U.S. continue to be generally high, pockets of unvaccinated people and decreasing vaccination rates, particularly in children, are concerning and of significant risk to public health. There is no question that vaccines are an unparalleled public health success; the routine vaccination of four million children born annually in the U.S. results in 42,000 lives saved and 20 million cases of disease prevented.  Vaccines save lives. If vaccine hesitancy persists – or even expands – it could seriously undermine these important advances,” the Senators’ letter continued.

The text of the letter is below and the PDF of is available HERE.

February 8, 2019

Robert R. Redfield, MD

Director

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

1600 Clifton Road

Atlanta, GA 30329

ADM Brett P. Giroir, MD

Assistant Secretary

Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

200 Independence Avenue, SW

Room 716G

Washington, DC 20201

Dear Director Redfield and Assistant Secretary Giroir:

We write today to understand what actions the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National Vaccine Program Office (NVPO) within the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health are taking to boost vaccination rates in the U.S., including to address vaccine hesitancy, which the World Health Organization recently identified as a top health threat for 2019.[1] As Washington and New York each respond to urgent measles outbreaks, we are also interested in the steps that CDC and NVPO are taking to address ongoing outbreaks exacerbated by low vaccination rates and to help the families and communities affected by this vaccine-preventable disease.[2]

In 2000, measles was officially eliminated in the U.S. – an important milestone and a testament to public health efforts and the highly effective measles vaccine. Unfortunately, leading up to these current outbreaks, states across the country have experienced an increase in the number of measles outbreaks in recent years, including Tennessee, California, Minnesota, and Ohio.

While still rare, these outbreaks signify a concerning trend. While vaccination rates in the U.S. continue to be generally high, pockets of unvaccinated people and decreasing vaccination rates, particularly in children, are concerning and of significant risk to public health. There is no question that vaccines are an unparalleled public health success; the routine vaccination of four million children born annually in the U.S. results in 42,000 lives saved and 20 million cases of disease prevented.[3] Vaccines save lives. If vaccine hesitancy persists – or even expands – it could seriously undermine these important advances. Public health experts estimate that due to the highly infectious nature of measles, up to 94 percent of a population should be vaccinated against measles to achieve herd immunity and prevent its spread.[4] The ongoing measles outbreaks are an important reminder of what can happen when vaccination rates fall below levels necessary to maintain herd immunity.

On Friday, January 25, Washington Governor Jay Inslee declared a state of emergency in response to confirmed cases of measles in Clark and King Counties.[5] Since then, the number of confirmed cases has continued to rise, with the majority of cases presenting primarily in children under 10 years old and among those not vaccinated against measles.[6] The overall measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine coverage among 19-35 month olds in Clark County is 69.7 percent[7], well below the national average of 91.1 percent.[8] In addition to the current Washington measles outbreak, public health officials in Brooklyn, New York, are responding to a measles outbreak within an under-vaccinated community.[9] Unfortunately, these current outbreaks follow 372 cases of measles across multiple states and the District of Columbia last year – the second highest number of cases confirmed since measles was eliminated from the U.S. in 2000.[10]

Many factors contribute to vaccine hesitancy, all of which demand attention from CDC and NVPO. These concurrent outbreaks underscore the growing influence of vaccine hesitancy, the variability of state laws regarding vaccination, and other challenges that contribute to decreasing vaccination rates. CDC and NVPO can play an important role in understanding the factors that may affect a state or county’s ability to achieve herd immunity and strengthen vaccination rates within communities.[11] While strong recommendations from health care providers play a critical role in vaccine uptake, the spread of misinformation, including unsubstantiated information about vaccines and their side effects, can influence vaccine coverage rates and promote public discord on vaccination.

We appreciate the steps CDC and NVPO have taken to support vaccination and to help eliminate vaccine-preventable diseases. We urge you to continue that important work and take key steps to improve vaccination rates across the nation to better prevent outbreaks of infectious disease and address the troubling trend of vaccine hesitancy. In order to better understand the agency’s overall approach in improving vaccine confidence, as well as its strategy behind the measles outbreak response in Washington, New York, and elsewhere, we request your response to the following questions:

1. How is CDC supporting state and local health departments and other communities currently responding to the ongoing measles outbreaks? Are further resources needed to help improve the state and local response? Please specify, if so.
2. What initiatives are currently underway at CDC and NVPO to better understand and effectively address vaccine hesitancy? What initiatives are underway to provide accurate information to the public related to vaccines?
3. Are CDC or NVPO funding any research that addresses vaccine hesitancy or the availability of accurate information related to vaccines? If so, please provide a brief summary.
4. Given each agency’s expertise with public health communication, what techniques have been found to be most effective in increasing vaccine confidence among the public? How are CDC and NVPO working together to identify best practices of communicating to the public and carrying out such communication related to the importance of vaccinations?
5. How are CDC and NVPO engaging with and educating health care providers, including pediatricians and obstetrician/gynecologists, and health professional associations to address vaccine hesitancy?
6. How are CDC and NVPO engaging with other agencies and offices at HHS, including the Office of the Surgeon General, the National Institutes of Health, and the Food and Drug Administration, as well as state, local, and tribal health departments, and other public health leaders to address vaccine hesitancy and improve vaccination rates across the U.S.?

Thank you for your attention to this urgent matter. We respectfully request a response no later than March 1, 2019. If you have any questions regarding this letter, please contact Andi Fristedt with Ranking Member Murray’s HELP Committee Staff at 202-224-7675 and Margaret Coulter with Chairman Alexander’s HELP Committee Staff at 202-224-6770.

Sincerely,

PATTY MURRAY   

Ranking Member       

United States Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions 

LAMAR ALEXANDER

Chairman

United States Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions 

cc:       The Honorable Alex Azar

Secretary

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

The Honorable Jerome M. Adams, M.D., M.P.H.

Surgeon General of the United States

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

The Honorable Francis Collins, M.D., Ph.D.

Director

National Institutes of Health

The Honorable Scott Gottlieb, M.D.

Commissioner

U.S. Food and Drug Administration

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